Subgroups | Number of studies | Pooled prevalence | Heterogeneity | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
% | 95% CI | I2 | P | ||
Year of publication | 20 | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 2004–2009 | 6 | 14 | 1–32 | 97 |  < 0.0001 |
 2010–2015 | 3 | 45 | 0–100 | 99 |  < 0.0001 |
 2016–2021 | 11 | 54 | 22–85 | 98 |  < 0.0001 |
Weight-based | 20 | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 > 10 | 2 | 9 | 0–25 | 98 |  < 0.0001 |
 4–9 | 4 | 23 | 12–35 | 94 |  < 0.0001 |
 < 4 | 14 | 70 | 44–93 | 98 |  < 0.0001 |
Sample size | 20 | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 < 50 | 8 | 54 | 31–77 | 90 |  < 0.0001 |
 > 50–< 100 | 5 | 75 | 22–100 | 99 |  < 0.0001 |
 > 100–< 150 | 2 | 40 | 0–100 | 100 |  < 0.0001 |
 > 150–< 400 | 3 | 13 | 0–39 | 99 |  < 0.0001 |
 > 400 | 2 | 16 | 0–31 | 97 |  < 0.0001 |
Study quality | 20 | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Low | 4 | 51 | 11–90 | 91 |  < 0.0001 |
 Moderate | 9 | 58 | 18–96 | 99 |  < 0.0001 |
 High | 7 | 13 | 0–27 | 96 |  < 0.0001 |
 |  |  |  |  |  < 0.0001 |
ASEAN Country (subdivision) | 20 | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 1st ASEAN | 16 | 26 | 0–56 | 99 |  < 0.0001 |
 Other ASEAN | 4 | 55 | 0–100 | 98 |  < 0.0001 |
Specific country | 20 | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Malaysia | 6 | 76 | 39–100 | 98 |  < 0.0001 |
 Thailand | 5 | 13 | 0–26 | 97 |  < 0.0001 |
 Vietnam | 2 | 98 | 0–100 | 96 |  < 0.0001 |
 Singapore | 1 | 6 | 0–10 | – | – |
 Indonesia | 3 | 46 | 0–100 | 99 |  < 0.0001 |
 Cambodia | 1 | 51 | 0–42 | – | – |
 Myanmar | 1 | 35 | 0–28 | – | – |
 Philippines | 1 | 7 | 0–57 | – | – |
Screening and confirmatory test | 20 | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Disk diffusion | 3 | 7 | 0–39 | 97 |  < 0.0001 |
 Disk combination | 6 | 23 | 0–52 | 99 |  < 0.0001 |
 E-test | 2 | 1 | 98–100 | 0 |  < 0.0001 |
 PCR | 3 | 67 | 0–100 | 99 |  < 0.0001 |
 DDST | 4 | 31 | 0–90 | 94 |  < 0.0001 |
 Micro-dilution | 1 | 57 | 42–71 | – | – |
 Not specific | 1 | 6 | 0–10 | – | – |