Table 2 Patient characteristics and incidence (episode/1000 admission)
|  | All patients | Child patients(0-16 years) | Adult patients(> 16 years) | P* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
(n = 201) 100.0% | (n = 35) 17.4% | (n = 166) 82.6% | ||
Age (median, range) | 65 years (1 day, 92 years) | 1 day (1 day,5 years) | 61 years (18 years, 92 years) | < 0.001 |
Gender (male:female) | 114:87 | 22:13 | 92:74 | 0.420 |
Length of hospital stay(days) | 36.9 ± 39.5 | 41.5 ± 20.9 | 30.6 ± 39.6 | 0.117 |
Underlying comorbidities (n, %) | ||||
 Gastrointestinal perforation | 24 (11.9) | 2 (5.7) | 22(13.3) | 0.211 |
 Respiratory dysfunctiona | 58 (28.9) | 3 (8.6) | 55 (33.1) | 0.004 |
 Pulmonary infection | 100(49.8) | 24 (68.6) | 76(45.8) | 0.014 |
 Cardiovascular disease | 86 (42.8) | 3(8.6) | 83 (50.0) | < 0.001 |
 Neurological diseases | 78 (38.8) | 24(68.6) | 54 (32.5) | < 0.001 |
 Gastrointestinal pathologyb | 58(28.9) | 2(5.7) | 43 (25.9) | 0.001 |
 Chronic/acute liver disease | 49(24.4) | 9(25.7) | 40(24.1) | 0.839 |
 Chronic/acute renal failurec | 91(45.3) | 9(25.7) | 82 (49.4) | 0.011 |
 Solid tumour | 15(7.5) | 0(0) | 15(9.0) | 0.065 |
 Haematological malignancy | 11 (5.5) | 2 (5.7) | 9(5.4) | 0.697 |
 Congenital malformations/syndromes | 6(3.0) | 3 (8.6) | 3 (1.8) | < 0.001 |
 Diabetes mellitus | 60 (29.9) | 0(0) | 60 (36.1) | < 0.001 |
 Hematologic (nonmalignant) | 29 (14.4) | 10 (28.6) | 19 (11.4) | 0.009 |
 HIV/AIDS | 10 (5.0) | 0(0) | 10 (6.0) | 0.136 |
 Severe trauma | 17(8.5) | 2 (5.7) | 15 (9.0) | 0.521 |
Risk factors (n, %) | ||||
 Presence of CVCd | 77(38.3) | 7(20.0) | 70(42.2) | 0.014 |
 Other invasive catheters | 60(29.9) | 5(14.3) | 55(33.1) | 0.027 |
 Mechanical ventilation | 87(43.3) | 21 (60.0) | 66(39.8) | 0.028 |
 Receipt of corticosteroidse | 42 (20.9) | 9(25.7) | 33(19.9) | 0.440 |
 Total parenteral nutrition | 95(47.3) | 18(51.4) | 77(46.4) | 0.587 |
 Malnutrition | 55(27.4) | 9(25.7) | 46(27.7) | 0.810 |
 Chemotherapy | 20(10.0) | 2 (5.7) | 18(10.8) | 0.357 |
 Hemodialysis | 30(16.9) | 0(0) | 30(18.1) | 0.006 |
 Abdominal surgeryf | 31 (15.4) | 0 (0) | 31 (18.7) | 0.005 |
 ICU/PICU/NICU | 81(40.3) | 35 (100.0) | 46 (27.7) | < 0.001 |
 Neutropeniag | 16(8.0) | 0 (0) | 16(9.6) | 0.056 |
 Concomitant bacterial infections | 110(54.7) | 30 (85.7) | 80 (48.2) | < 0.001 |
 Septic shock | 39 (19.4) | 3 (8.6) | 36(21.7) | 0.075 |
 Broad-spectrum antibiotics | 179 (89.1) | 35 (100.0) | 144 (86.7) | 0.022 |
 Treatment with antifungal agents | 114 (56.7) | 27(77.1) | 87(52.4) | 0.007 |
 C. albicans | 81(40.3) | 16(45.7) | 65(39.2) | 0.472 |
 C. glabrata | 73(36.3) | 18(51.4) | 55(33.1) | 0.041 |
 C. tropicalis | 28(13.9) | 0(0) | 28(16.9) | 0.009 |
 Death | 41(20.4) | 4(11.4) | 37(22.3) | 0.113 |
Incidence(n,episodes/1000 admissions) | ||||
 2013 | 14(0.20) | 0(0.0) | 14(0.24) | 0.248 |
 2014 | 23(0.22) | 1(0.09) | 22(0.24) | 0.507 |
 2015 | 29(0.27) | 6(0.53) | 23(0.24) | 0.117 |
 2016 | 42(0.37) | 12(1.07) | 30(0.29) | 0.001 |
 2017 | 38(0.32) | 12(1.06) | 26(0.24) | < 0.001 |
 2018 | 20(0.16) | 3(0.21) | 17(0.15) | 0.480 |
 2019 | 35(0.26) | 1(0.08) | 34(0.27) | 0.252 |
Mean annual incidence | 201(0.26) | 35(0.42) | 166(0.24) | 0.002 |