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Table 2 Clinical data of eight Agrobacterium cases

From: Agrobacterium spp. nosocomial outbreak assessment using rapid MALDI-TOF MS based typing, confirmed by whole genome sequencing

Isolate

Main diagnosis at admission

Rhizobium- related Diagnosisa

Clinical Features at time of BC sampling

N° positive BC/ BC drawn before treatment

Polymicrobial BSI

IVDs

IVD culture

Antibiotic treatment (days)

Treatment duration (days)

Outcome

A

Elective surgery

CLABSI

Fever, chills

2/2

no

CVC

No growth

Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (2), Cefepime (3), ceftriaxone (5)

10, CVC removed on day 8

cured

B

Semi-elective surgery

BSI

Fever

2/2

no

PVC

Not performed

Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (2), Meropenem + Ciprofloxacin (12)

14, removal date of PVC unknown

cured

C

Lung injury from smoke inhalation

Transient bacteraemia

Fever

1/2

no

PVC

Not performed

Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (3), Ceftriaxone (1)

4

cured

D

Community-acquired pneumonia

Transient bacteraemia

asymptomatic

1/2

no

PVC

Not performed

Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (7, Doxycyclin (7)

7

cured

E

Acute-myocardial infarction

CRBSI

Fever, chills

2/2

no

PVC

Agrobacterium sp.

Piperacillin-tazobactam (2), Ceftraixone (7)

9, PVC removal day 4

cured

F

Polyserositis related to Undifferentiated Connective Tissue Disease

Transient bacteraemia

asymptomatic

1/2

no

PVC

Not performed

Cefepime (3)

3

cured

G

Atypical mycobacterial pulmonary infection

CLABSI

Fever

1/2

Yes; Ochrobactrum anthrophi, Alcaligenes sp.

Port

Not performed

Imipenem+cilastin

14, Port removal on day 9

cured

H

Self-induced bleeding

CLABSI

Fever

2/3

Yes, Sphingomonas paucimobilis, Viridans group Streptococci

CVC

Sphingomonas paucimobilis, Viridans group Streptococci

Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid

12, CVC removed on day 6

cured

  1. Abbreviations: BSI Bloodstream infection, CLABSI Central line associated bloodstream infection, CRBSI Catheter-related bloodstream infection, CVC Central venous catheter, D Days, IVD Intravascular device, PVC Peripheral venous catheter
  2. aEach Agrobacterium-related case was classified as follows: For central line associated BSI the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) / National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) definition [34] was used. A catheter-related BSI was defined according to the respective Infectious Disease Society of America guideline [35]. A transient bacteremia was defined as a positive blood culture in an asymptomatic patient