Table 3 Description of the empiric antibiotic therapies administered to the 338 cohort patients
Administered class of antibiotics | Total (n = 342) | Bloodstream infection (n = 132) | Pneumonia (n = 206) |
|---|---|---|---|
Monotherapy, n (%) | 139 (40.6) | 44 (33.3) | 95 (46.1) |
Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid | 14 (4.1) | 4 (3.0) | 10 (4.9) |
Third-generation cephalosporin | 9 (2.6) | 1 (0.8) | 8 (3.9) |
Fourth-generation cephalosporin | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
Piperacillin-tazobactam | 66 (19.3) | 23 (17.4) | 43 (20.9) |
Carbapenem | 38 (11.1) | 9 (6.8) | 29 (14.1) |
Vancomycin or linezolid | 11 (3.2) | 7 (5.0) | 4 (1.9) |
Dual therapy, n (%) | 153 (44.7) | 67 (50.8) | 86 (41.7) |
Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and aminoglycoside | 1 (0.3) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.5) |
Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and vancomycin | 2 (0.6) | 2 (1.5) | 0 (0) |
Third-generation cephalosporin and aminoglycoside | 1 (0.3) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.5) |
Fourth-generation cephalosporin and aminoglycoside | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.8) | 0 (0) |
Piperacillin-tazobactam and aminoglycoside | 64 (18.7) | 20 (15.2) | 44 (21.4) |
Carbapenem and aminoglycoside | 53 (15.5) | 29 (22.0) | 24 (11.7) |
Piperacillin-tazobactam and vancomycin | 8 (2.3) | 4 (3.0) | 4 (1.9) |
Carbapenem and vancomycin | 11 (3.2) | 4 (3.0) | 7 (3.4) |
Other dual therapy | 17 (5.0) | 6 (4.5) | 11 (5.4) |
Combination of three or more antibiotics n (%) | 49 (14.3) | 23 (17.4) | 26 (12.6) |
Piperacillin-tazobactam, aminoglycoside, and vancomycin | 16 (4.7) | 8 (6.0) | 8 (3.9) |
Carbapenem, aminoglycoside, and vancomycin | 23 (6.7) | 13 (9.8) | 10 (4.9) |
Other combination | 8 (2.3) | 1 (0.8) | 7 (3.4) |
Change of antibiotics within 24 h of treatment introduction, n (%) | 24 (7.0) | 9 (6.8) | 15 (7.3) |