Risk factors | CP-CRE patients | Control | X = value/Mann-Whitney U | Odds Ratio |
---|---|---|---|---|
(N = 203) | (N = 203) | (p-value/Fisher Exact) | [95 % Cl] | |
n (%) | n (%) | |||
Total length of stay ± SD | 48.0 ± 59.5 | 3.9 ± 3 8 | U: 3223 | 1.266 [1.197–1.340] |
(days) | (39.8–56.3) | (3.4–4.5) | (<0.001) | (<0.001) |
(moan days 95 % confidence interval) | ||||
History of previous overseas hospitalisation | 29 (14.3 %) | 1 (0.5 %) | 28.218 (<0.001)** | 33.667 [4.539–259.700] |
History of travelling in past 90 days | 29 (14.3 %) | 15 7.4 %) | 4.996 (0.025)* | 2.089 [10.83.4.028] |
Ambulant on arrival | 103 (50.7 %) | 153 (75.4 %) | 26.432 (<0.001)** | 0.337 [0.221–0.513] |
Admission to CU | 54 (26.6 %) | 6 (3.0 %) | 45.059 (<0.001)** | 11.899 [4.986–28.399] |
Mean ICU stay ± SD, day | 9.6 ± 12.2 | 1.2 ± 1.0 | U: 46.0 (<0.004)** | - |
(mean days 95 % confidence interval) | (6.3—13.0) | (0.1—2.2) | ||
Admission to HD/ICA | 106 (52.2 %) | 29 (14.3 %) | 65.797 (<0.001)** | 6.557 [4.057–10.596] |
Mean HD/ICA stay ± SD, day | 5.3 ± 6.1 | 2.0 ± 1.7 | 9.0 (0.372) | - |
(mean days 95 % confidence interval) | (4.1–6.5) | (1.4–2.7) | ||
Cardiovascular disease comorbidity | 105 (51.7 %) | 74 (36.5 %) | 9.602 (0.002)** | 1.868 [1.256–2.778] |
Diabetes mellitus comorbidity | 67 (33.0 %) | 58 (28.6 %) | 0.936 (0.333) | 1.232 [0.807–1.870] |
Malignancy cormorbidity | 57 (28.1 %) | 41 (20.2 %) | 3.443 (0.064) | 1.543 [0.974–2.442] |
Immunodeficiency comorbidity | 10 (4.9 %) | 2 (1.0 %) | 5.496 (0.019)* | 5.207 [1.126–24.072] |
Haematology comorbidity | 20 (9.9 %) | 5 (2.5 %) | 9.591 (0.002)** | 4.328 [1.592–11.769] |
Exposure to DXT | 23 (11.3 %) | 11 (5.4 %) | 4.622 (0.032)* | 2.230 [1.057–4.706] |
Exposure to steroid | 34 (16.7 %) | 12 (5.9 %) | 11.866 (0.001)** | 3.202 [1.606–6.384] |
Exposure to chemotherapy | 15 (7.4 %) | 16 (7.9 %) | 0.035 (0.852) | 0.933 [0.448–1.941] |
Exposure to penicillin antibiotics | 33 (16 3 %) | 7 (3.4 %) | 18.747 (<0.001)** | 5.435 [2.344–12.604] |
Exposure to β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations antibiotics | 122 (60.1 %) | 59 (29.1 %) | 39.568 (<0.001)** | 3.676 [2.432–5.557] |
Exposure to cephalosporin antibiotics | 65 (32.0 %) | 43 (21.2 %) | 6.106 (0.013)* | 1.753 [1.120–2.742] |
Exposure to carbapenems antibiotics | 62 (30.5 %) | 5 (2.5 %) | 58.077 (<0.001)** | 17.413 [6.826–44.417] |
Exposure to fluoroquinolones antibiotics | 35 (17.2 %) | 19 (9.4 %) | 5.468 (0.019)* | 2.018 [1.111–3.663] |
Exposure to glycopeptide antibiotics | 69 (34.0 %) | 4 (2.0 %) | 70.564 (<0001)** | 25.618 [9.132–71.865] |
Exposure to metronidazole antibiotics | 36 (17.7 %) | 15 (7.4 %) | 9.889 (0.002)** | 2.702 [1.428–5.110] |
Exposure to aminoglycosides antibiotics | 17 (8.4 %) | 1 (0.5 %) | 14.882 (<0.001)** | 18.462 [2433–140,097] |
Presence of central line device | 80 (39.4 %) | 11 (5.4 %) | 67.433 (<0.001)** | 11.353 [5.811–22.179] |
Presence of urinary catheter device | 86 (42.4 %) | 30 (14.8 %) | 37.842 (<0.001)** | 4.239 [2.630–6.831] |
Presence of ETT device | 42 (20.7 %) | 6 (3.0 %) | 30.620 (<0.001)** | 8.565 [3.55 1–20.658] |
Presence of intra-arterial line device | 24 (11.8 %) | 5 (2.5 %) | 13.406 (<0.001)** | 5.309 [1.984–14.2 11] |
Presence of drains device | 31 (15.3 %) | 11 (5.4 %) | 10.623 (0.001)** | 3.146 [1.534–6.450] |
Presence of enteral feeding device | 49 (24.1 %) | 11 (5.4 %) | 28.240 (<0.001)** | 5.554 [2.793–11.044] |
Presence of additional MRSA | 47 (23.2 %) | 26 (12.8 %) | 7.365 (0.007)** | 2.051 [1.213–3.468] |
Presence of additional VRE | 32 (15.8 %) | 5 (2.5 %) | 21.678 (<0.001)** | 7.411 [2.825-19.441] |
Exposure to bronchoscopy procedure | 22 (10.8 %) | 4 (2.0 %) | 13.314 (<0.001)** | 6.047 [2.045–17.881] |
Exposure to gastroscopy procedure | 18 (8.9 %) | 10 (4.9 %) | 2.455 (0.117) | 1.878 [0.845–4.175] |
Exposure to colonoscopy procedure | 4 (2.0 %) | 6 (3.0 %) | 0.410 (0.522) | 0.660 [0.183–2.375] |
Exposure to angiogram procedure | 9 (4.4 %) | 6 (3.0 %) | 0.623 (0.430) | 1.523 [0.532–4361] |
Underwent surgery | 141 (69.5 %) | 146 (71.9 %) | 0.297 (0.586) | 1.126 [0.734–1.727] |