From: Antibiotic use in township hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic in Shandong, China
Outcome indicators | Immediate effect | Long-term effect | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Coef. | 95% CI | P | Coef. | 95% CI | P | |||
J01 Antibacterials for systemic use (ten thousand DDDs) |  − 2.712 |  − 46.327 | 50.671 | 0.045* | 0.205 |  − 3.150 | 2.740 | 0.005** |
J01C Beta-lactam antibacterials, Penicillins (ten thousand DDDs) |  − 0.850 |  − 31.172 | 32.872 | 0.918 | 0.117 |  − 1.724 | 1.489 | 0.031* |
J01D Cephalosporins, Other Beta-lactam antibacterials (ten thousand DDDs) |  − 0.405 |  − 12.792 | 13.601 | 0.020* | 0.025 |  − 0.912 | 0.863 | 0.133 |
J01F Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins (ten thousand DDDs) |  − 0.740 |  − 1.416 | 2.897 |  < 0.001** | 0.012 |  − 0.516 | 0.491 |  < 0.001** |
J01G Aminoglycoside antibacterials (ten thousand DDDs) |  − 0.114 |  − 0.705 | 0.932 | 0.005** |  − 0.002 |  − 0.104 | 0.109 | 0.000** |
J01M Quinolone antibacterials (ten thousand DDDs) |  − 0.083 |  − 8.613 | 8.778 | 0.026* | 0.033 |  − 0.719 | 0.653 | 0.844 |
J01X Other antibiotics in J01 (ten thousand DDDs) |  − 0.001 |  − 3.550 | 3.552 | 0.632 | 0.023 |  − 0.965 | 0.918 | 0.927 |
Access category antibiotics (ten thousand DDDs) |  − 0.970 |  − 29.687 | 31.627 | 0.931 | 0.136 |  − 1.976 | 1.704 | 0.018* |
Watch category antibiotics (ten thousand DDDs) |  − 1.222 |  − 18.900 | 21.345 |  < 0.001** | 0.073 |  − 1.317 | 1.171 |  < 0.001** |