Table 1 Comparative main study outcomes during the pre- and post-intervention study periods in an investigation of a spread of linezolid-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis on an intensive care unit in southwest Germany, 2018–2020
Pre-intervention | Post-intervention | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
Microbiological outcomes | |||
LRSE in any specimen, median per month (IQR) | 2 (1–4) | 0 (0–1) | 0.0065 |
LRSE in blood culture, median per month (IQR) | 1 (0–2) | 0 (0–0.8) | 0.1057 |
Antibiotic consumption outcomes | |||
Median linezolid consumption, in DDD/100 PD per month (IQR) | 7.5 (4.6–10.8) | 2.5 (0.9–4.8) | 0.0022 |
Median daptomycin consumption, in DDD/100 PD per month (IQR) | 12.3 (6.2–22.4) | 5.7 (1.4–10.7) | 0.0205 |
Median vancomycin consumption, in DDD/100 PD per month (IQR) | 0.2 (0–0.4) | 4.7 (2–6) | < 0.0001 |
Combined median antibiotic consumption for all three substances, in DDD/100 PD per month (IQR) | 21.9 (13.8–29.6) | 14.8 (8.0–17.6) | 0.0233 |
Therapeutic drug monitoring | |||
Number of vancomycin trough level measurements | 16 | 221 | |
Median trough level, in µg/mL (IQR) | 10.2 (8.1–13.7) | 12.6 (10.2–16.2) | < 0.0001 |
Target attainment (i.e. 10- < 20 µg/mL) (%) | 6/16 (37.5%) | 144/221 (65.2%) | 0.0331 |
Potential confounders | |||
Total number of blood cultures taken | 1650 | 1668 | |
Blood cultures positive for Staphylococcus epidermidis, n (%) | 175 (10.6%) | 156 (9.4%) | 0.2466 |
Length of stay, days (mean) | 4.9 | 5.6 | 0.23 |
Case-mix-index (mean) | 4.9 | 5.3 | 0.11 |
In-house mortality in % (no. of deaths per no. of ICU patients) | 10.8 | 10.7 | 0.95 |