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Table 2 Univariate and multivariate analysis of risk factors and outcomes related to CRAB colonization

From: Risk factors for nosocomial rectal colonization with carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in hospital: a matched case–control study

Variables

Univariate analysis

Multivariate analysis

OR

95% CI

P value

OR

95% CI

P value

Age (years)

0.99

0.97–1.01

0.767

   

Sex, male

0.71

0.34–1.49

0.378

   

LOS

1.02

1.01–1.04

< 0.001

1.03

1.01–1.05

0.002

ICU stay

3.2

1.46–6.99

0.004

   

aDeaths

5.5

1.77–17.01

0.003

   

Provenance of patient at admission

      

Home

Ref.

     

LTHCF

16.14

1.91–136

0.011

   

Other hospital

0.76

0.14–3.99

0.754

   

Recent hospitalization

3.02

0.98–9.34

0.054

   

Charlson Comorbidity Index

1.15

0.99–1.33

0.053

   

McCabe score, nonfatal vs. fatal disease and rapidly fatal disease

2.12

1.08–4.14

0.027

5.45

1.87–15.89

0.002

Major surgery ≤ 30 days before hospitalization

1.34

0.21–8.37

0.748

   

Major surgery during hospitalization

1.75

0.79–3.87

0.167

   

Diagnosis at hospital admission

      

Infection

ref

     

Polytrauma

0.19

0.04–0.91

0.038

   

Cardiovascular disease

1.12

0.45–2.79

0.800

   

Cancer

0.42

0.0.4–3.94

0.449

   

Presence of intrinsic risk factors and comorbidity

      

Chronic heart failure

1.44

0.69–2.99

0.327

   

Hypertension

1.04

0.49–2.21

0.899

   

Peripheral vascular disease

2.47

1.15–5.28

0.019

   

Stroke or TIA

1.55

0.73–3.28

0.247

   

Dementia

2.06

0.95–4.43

0.064

   

COPD

1.32

0.54–3.20

0.538

   

Chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis

0.73

0.18–2.90

0.657

   

Gastrointestinal disease

0.54

0.24–1.19

0.130

   

Solid neoplasia

1.10

0.51–2.37

0.794

   

CKD

0.70

0.32–1.52

0.370

   

Diabetes mellitus

1.54

0.70–3.38

0.277

   

Disability

      

No disability

ref

     

Partial

2.26

0.90–5.65

0.79

   

Bedridden

5.29

1.85–15.12

0.002

   

Permanent devices

4.52

1.55–13.22

0.006

10.15

2.27–45.39

0.002

Presence of extrinsic risk factors

      

Central vascular catheterization

10.37

3.93–27.32

< 0.001

   

PICC or midline

4.52

1.55–13.22

0.006

   

Urinary catheter

7.23

2.91–17.96

< 0.001

4.96

1.52–16.19

0.008

Naso-gastric tube

4.16

1.57–10.99

0.004

   

PEG

11.12

1.25–98–33

0.030

   

Tracheostomy

10.54

2.79–39.75

0.001

   

Mechanical ventilation

3.38

1.19–9.61

0.022

40.01

4.05–395.1

0.002

Dialysis

2.07

0.40–10.70

0.385

   

Blood transfusion

0.88

0.38–2.03

0.781

   

Antibiotics ≤ 30 days before hospitalization

2.22

0.81–6.06

0.119

   

Chemotherapy

4.46

1.06–18.76

0.041

   

Corticosteroid therapy

2.75

1.20–6.29

0.016

   

Antibiotics during hospitalization

8.26

1.86–36–72

0.005

   

3GC

1.90

0.90–4.01

0.089

   

Carbapenems

6.66

2.19–20.20

0.001

5.39

1.14–25.44

0.033

Penicillins

1.93

0.90–4.11

0.088

   

Fluoroquinolones

2.09

0.86–5.08

0.101

   

Glycopeptides

3.5

1.44–8.48

0.006

   

Polytherapy

4.65

2.13–10.14

< 0.001

   

Number of antibiotics used in the hospitalization, mean ± SD (range)

1.73

1.36–2.19

< 0.001

   
  1. CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio
  2. aModel for multivariable logistic regression included surveillance status, mechanical ventilation, sex, and exposure to any antibiotic (fit criteria quasi-likelihood criterion [QIC] = 336)
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Antimicrobial Resistance & Infection Control

ISSN: 2047-2994

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