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Table 2 Comparison between different variables in intervention population and control population in quasi-experimental study population

From: Efficacy of a coordinated strategy for containment of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria carriage in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in the context of an active surveillance program

Variable

All patients (n = 102)

Intervention population (n = 50)

Control population (n = 52)

p

Characteristics of patients

Male gender, n (%)

54 (52.9%)

29 (58%)

25 (48.1%)

0.31

Twin birth, n (%)

15 (15.5%)

6 (12.5%)

9 (18.4%)

0.42

Inborn, n (%)

76 (74.5%)

31 (62%)

45 (86.5%)

0.004

Admission to NICU > 24 h after birth, n (%)

9 (8.9%)

7 (14%)

2 (3.9%)

0.09

Birth through caesarean section, n (%)

65 (65%)

30 (60%)

35 (70%)

0.29

Gestational age, median (IQR), wks

34.5 (32-38)

36.5 (33-39)

33 (32-37)

0.014

Preterm birth (< 37wk), n (%)

63 (61.8%)

25 (50%)

38 (73.1%)

0.02

Birth weight, mean (SD), g

2234 (865)

2509 (844)

1980 (811)

0.002

Apgar score at 5 min, median (IQR)

9 (8-10)

9 (8-10)

9 (8-10)

0.71

Malformation, n (%)

11 (10.8%)

6 (12%)

5 (9.6%)

0.70

Nutrition and devices

Breast milk feeding, n (%)

75 (73.5%)

32 (64%)

43 (82.7%)

0.03

Formula feeding, n (%)

101 (99%)

49 (98%)

52 (100%)

0.49

Nasogastric tube, n (%)

43 (42.2%)

19 (38%)

24 (46.1%)

0.40

Parenteral nutrition, n (%)

60 (58.8%)

29 (58%)

31 (59.6%)

0.87

Central venous access device, n (%)

44 (43.1%)

20 (40%)

24 (46.1%)

0.53

Peripheral venous access device, n (%)

81 (79.4%)

37 (74%)

44 (84.6%)

0.18

Endotracheal tube, n (%)

19 (18.6%)

6 (12%)

13 (25%)

0.09

Noninvasive ventilation, n (%)

41 (40.2%)

22 (44%)

19 (36.5%)

0.44

Surgical procedure, n (%)

3 (2.9%)

2 (4%)

1 (1.9%)

0.61

Antimicrobial therapy

Antibiotics, any, n (%)

49 (48%)

21 (42%)

28 (53.8%)

0.23

Ampicillin, n (%)

24 (23.5%)

16 (32%)

8 (15.4%)

0.048

Ampicillin—Sulbactam, n (%)

11 (10.8%)

0

11 (21.1%)

 < 0.001

Cephalosporines, n (%)

21 (20.6%)

7 (14%)

14 (26.9%)

0.11

Carbapenems, n (%)

18 (17.6%)

9 (18%)

9 (17.3%)

0.93

Amikacin, n (%)

32 (31.4%)

16 (32%)

16 (30.8%)

0.89

Glycopeptides, n (%)

17 (16.7%)

8 (16%)

9 (17.3%)

0.86

Metronidazole, n (%)

8 (7.8%)

5 (10%)

3 (5.8%)

0.48

Fluconazole, n (%)

20 (19.6%)

6 (12%)

14 (26.9%)

0.06

Rectal swab colonization

MDR-GNB, n (%)

28 (27.4%)

6 (12%)

22 (42.3%)

 < 0,001

ESBL, n (%), all ESBL-KP

23 (22.5%)

1 (2%)

22 (42.3%)

 < 0,001

  1. Statistically significant values (p < 0.05) are reported in bold characters