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Table 3 General characteristics of the studies conducted in inpatient settings

From: Antibiotic prescribing in inpatient and outpatient settings in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis study

References

Region

Setting

Sample size

Percentage of antibiotics prescribed

The most commonly prescribed antibiotic classes (from most to least)

The most commonly prescribed antibiotics (from most to least)

Unit of analysis

Cheragh Ali et al. [52]

Tehran

Inpatient (all wards)

3117 prescriptions

39

NM

NM

Prescriptions

Shayan et al. [53]

Jahrom

Inpatient (all wards)

4969 prescriptions

56.63

NM

NM

 

Hajebi et al. [54]

Tehran

Inpatient (all wards)

2137 hospital records

57

Cephalosporin, Penicillin, Carbapenems, Aminoglycosides

NM

Patients or hospital records

Tavallaee et al. [55]

Tehran

Inpatient (ICU)

119 patients

95.5

NM

Cefuroxime, Ceftriaxone, clindamycin, Cefazolin, Vancomycin

 

Khodabakhshi et al. [56]

Golestan

Inpatient (all wards)

318 hospital records

69

NM

Ceftriaxone, Clindamycin, Cefazolin, Metronidazole, Gentamycin

 

Khakshour et al. [57]

Bojnurd

Inpatient (pediatrics ward)

292 patients

78

NM

NM

 

Mostafavi et al. [32]

Iran (All provinces)

Inpatient (pediatrics ward)

1506 patients

62.6

NM

NM

 

Taghi Zadeh et al. [36]

Tabriz

Inpatient (ICU ward)

234 hospital records

82

Cephalosporin, Carbapenems, Penicillin, β-lactam, Aminoglycosides

Cefazolin, Cefepime, Ceftriaxone, Ceftazidime, Meropenem

 

Alavi et al. [58]

Ahvaz

Inpatient (all wards)

9082 patients

34.34

NM

Ceftriaxone, Cloxacillin, Cefazolin, Gentamycin, Amikacin

 

Rafati et al. [59]

Sari

Inpatient (ICU ward)

148 patients

68.2

NM

NM

 

Abbasi et al. [60]

Urmia

Inpatient (pediatrics ward)

104 patients

85.6

NM

Ceftriaxone, Ceftizoxime

 

Reihani et al. [61]

Mashhad

Inpatient (emergency ward)

540 patients

70.2

Cephalosporin, Macrolides, Carbapenems, Penicillin, Aminoglycosides

NM

 

Fahimzad et al. [30]

Iran (17 hospitals from 15 cities)

Inpatient (neonatal and NICU wards)

366 patients

72

NM

Ampicillin, Vancomycin, Amikacin, Cefotaxime, Gentamycin,

 

Fahimzad et al. [31]

Iran (16 Iranian pediatric hospitals)

Inpatient (pediatrics ward)

858 patients

67

NM

Ceftriaxone, Vancomycin, Cefotaxime, Ceftazidime, Metronidazole

 

Sabour et al. [62]

Tehran

Nursing homes

170 hospital records

13.5

NM

NM

 
   

Median: 366

Median: 68.2

Most prescribed: Cephalosporin, Carbapenems, and Penicillins

Most prescribed: Ceftriaxone, Cefazolin, Vancomycin, and Clindamycin

 

IQR1: 170

IQR1: 56.63

IQR3: 2137

IQR3: 78

  1. NM not mentioned