References | Region | Setting | Sample size | Percentage of antibiotics prescribed | The most commonly prescribed antibiotic classes (from most to least) | The most commonly prescribed antibiotics (from most to least) | Unit of analysis |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cheragh Ali et al. [52] | Tehran | Inpatient (all wards) | 3117 prescriptions | 39 | NM | NM | Prescriptions |
Shayan et al. [53] | Jahrom | Inpatient (all wards) | 4969 prescriptions | 56.63 | NM | NM | Â |
Hajebi et al. [54] | Tehran | Inpatient (all wards) | 2137 hospital records | 57 | Cephalosporin, Penicillin, Carbapenems, Aminoglycosides | NM | Patients or hospital records |
Tavallaee et al. [55] | Tehran | Inpatient (ICU) | 119 patients | 95.5 | NM | Cefuroxime, Ceftriaxone, clindamycin, Cefazolin, Vancomycin | Â |
Khodabakhshi et al. [56] | Golestan | Inpatient (all wards) | 318 hospital records | 69 | NM | Ceftriaxone, Clindamycin, Cefazolin, Metronidazole, Gentamycin | Â |
Khakshour et al. [57] | Bojnurd | Inpatient (pediatrics ward) | 292 patients | 78 | NM | NM | Â |
Mostafavi et al. [32] | Iran (All provinces) | Inpatient (pediatrics ward) | 1506 patients | 62.6 | NM | NM | Â |
Taghi Zadeh et al. [36] | Tabriz | Inpatient (ICU ward) | 234 hospital records | 82 | Cephalosporin, Carbapenems, Penicillin, β-lactam, Aminoglycosides | Cefazolin, Cefepime, Ceftriaxone, Ceftazidime, Meropenem |  |
Alavi et al. [58] | Ahvaz | Inpatient (all wards) | 9082 patients | 34.34 | NM | Ceftriaxone, Cloxacillin, Cefazolin, Gentamycin, Amikacin | Â |
Rafati et al. [59] | Sari | Inpatient (ICU ward) | 148 patients | 68.2 | NM | NM | Â |
Abbasi et al. [60] | Urmia | Inpatient (pediatrics ward) | 104 patients | 85.6 | NM | Ceftriaxone, Ceftizoxime | Â |
Reihani et al. [61] | Mashhad | Inpatient (emergency ward) | 540 patients | 70.2 | Cephalosporin, Macrolides, Carbapenems, Penicillin, Aminoglycosides | NM | Â |
Fahimzad et al. [30] | Iran (17 hospitals from 15 cities) | Inpatient (neonatal and NICU wards) | 366 patients | 72 | NM | Ampicillin, Vancomycin, Amikacin, Cefotaxime, Gentamycin, | Â |
Fahimzad et al. [31] | Iran (16 Iranian pediatric hospitals) | Inpatient (pediatrics ward) | 858 patients | 67 | NM | Ceftriaxone, Vancomycin, Cefotaxime, Ceftazidime, Metronidazole | Â |
Sabour et al. [62] | Tehran | Nursing homes | 170 hospital records | 13.5 | NM | NM | Â |
 |  |  | Median: 366 | Median: 68.2 | Most prescribed: Cephalosporin, Carbapenems, and Penicillins | Most prescribed: Ceftriaxone, Cefazolin, Vancomycin, and Clindamycin |  |
IQR1: 170 | IQR1: 56.63 | ||||||
IQR3: 2137 | IQR3: 78 |