Antimicrobial use and resistance in food-producing animals and the environment: an African perspective

Kimera, Zuhura I.; Mshana, Stephen E.; Rweyemamu, Mark M.; Mboera, Leonard E. G.; Matee, Mecky I. N.

doi:10.1186/s13756-020-0697-x

Antimicrobial Resistance & Infection Control

Table 2 Percentage of farms using antimicrobials by country, type of animal and class of antimicrobials

From: Antimicrobial use and resistance in food-producing animals and the environment: an African perspective

Country	Food animal	% AMU	Class of antimicrobial	Reference
Ghana	Poultry	98	Tetracyclines, Aminoglycosides, Penicillins, Quinolones	[20]
Ghana	Cattle, goat, sheep, pig, poultry	98	Tetracyclines, Penicillins, Macrolides, Aminoglycosides, Sulphonamides, Benzimidazoles	[21]
Tanzania	Cattle, chickens, pigs	100	Tetracyclines, Sulphonamides, Penicillins, Aminoglycosides	[22]
Cameroon	Poultry	100	Aminoglycosides, Sulphonamides, Quinolones, Macrolides, Tetracyclines, Penicillins	[23]
Sudan	Poultry	92	Tetracyclines	[24]
Nigeria	Cattle, sheep, goats	77.5	Tetracyclines, Quinolones, Penicillins, Aminoglycosides	[25]
Zambia	Cattle		Aminoglycosides, Sulphonamides, Macrolides, Penicillins, Polypeptides, Tetracyclines	[17]
Zambia	Cattle	100	Tetracyclines, Penicillins,	[26]
Tanzania	Cattle, goat, sheep, pigs, poultry	74	Tetracyclines, Penicillins, Macrolides, Aminoglycosides, Sulphonamides	[15]
Ghana	Pigs	100	Tetracyclines, Sulphonamides, Penicillins, Quinolones, Macrolides, Aminoglycosides	[27]
Tanzania	Cattle	85	Tetracyclines	[28]
Tanzania	Poultry	90	Tetracyclines, Sulphonamides, Dihydrofolate, Aminoglycosides, Quinolones	[14]
Sudan	Poultry, cattle, sheep, goats	95	Tetracyclines, Penicillins, Macrolides, Sulphonamides, Aminoglycosides, Lincosamides, Streptogramins, Quinolones	[29]
Ethiopia	Cattle, poultry	80	Tetracyclines, Penicillins, Sulphonamides	[30]
Nigeria	Poultry	88.5	Tetracyclines, Aminoglycosides, Macrolides, Quinolones, Penicillins, Sulphonamides, Furanes, Polypeptides	[31]
Uganda	Pigs	40.6	Dihydrofolate, Tetracyclines, Aminoglycosides,	[32]
Cameroon	Poultry	80	Tetracyclines, Macrolides, Phenocols, Aminoglycosides	[12]
Egypt	Poultry	100	Tetracyclines, Quinolones	[33]
Uganda	Poultry	96.7	Sulphonamides	[34]
Nigeria	Cattle	77.6	Tetracyclines, Macrolides, Penicillins, Aminoglycosides, Sulphonamides, Quinolones	[35]

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ISSN: 2047-2994

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