Question | ESBL positive (%) | ESBL negative (%) | OR univariate (95% CI)b | P value | OR adjusted (95% CI)c | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
When your child’s throat hurts, do you give them antibiotics? | ||||||
Never | 28 (15.6) | 151 (84.4) | Ref | Ref | ||
Sometimes | 23 (8.2) | 257 (91.8) | 0.48 (0.27–0.86) | 0.01 | 0.48 (0.27–0.87) | 0.02 |
Always | 29 (11.2) | 230 (88.8) | 0.68 (0.38–1.20) | 0.18 | 0.65 (0.36–1.15) | 0.14 |
Don’t know/no responsea | 5 (22.7) | 17(77.3) | 1.45 (0.45–4.70) | 0.53 | 1.64 (0.45–5.99) | 0.45 |
When your child catches a cold, will antibiotics help them improve more quickly? | ||||||
Never | 21 (13.0) | 141 (87.0) | Ref | Ref | ||
Sometimes | 23 (11.9) | 170 (88.1) | 0.90 (0.48–1.68) | 0.74 | 0.82 (0.42–1.59) | 0.55 |
Always | 34 (10.2) | 299 (89.8) | 0.77 (0.42–1.39) | 0.39 | 0.70 (0.38–1.30) | 0.26 |
Don’t know/no response | 7 (13.5) | 45(86.5) | 1.06 (0.40–2.80) | 0.91 | 1.00 (0.36–2.75) | 1.00 |
When your child is sick with a cold, bad enough that they need to see a doctor, do you wait for a doctor to prescribe antibiotics for your child? | ||||||
Always | 41 (10.4) | 352 (89.6) | Ref | Ref | ||
Sometimes | 24 (11.7) | 182 (88.3) | 1.11 (0.65–1.90) | 0.69 | 1.11 (0.64–1.93) | 0.71 |
Never | 17 (13.7) | 107 (86.3) | 1.35 (0.76–2.40) | 0.31 | 1.38 (0.77–2.46) | 0.28 |
Don’t know/no response | 3 (17.6) | 14 (82.3) | 1.74 (0.36–8.4) | 0.49 | 1.94 (0.35–10.71) | 0.45 |
Do you think it is OK to use antibiotics when you feel sick, to help you get better? | ||||||
Never | 17 (14.8) | 98 (85.2) | Ref | Ref | ||
Sometimes | 39 (10.4) | 337 (89.6) | 0.65 (0.36–1.19) | 0.16 | 0.61 (0.33–1.11) | 0.10 |
Always | 26 (11.6) | 199 (88.4) | 0.73 (0.39–1.35) | 0.31 | 0.66 (0.35–1.24) | 0.19 |
Don’t know/no response | 3 (12.5) | 21 (87.5) | 0.74 (0.15–3.76) | 0.72 | 0.72 (0.13–3.99) | 0.70 |
If your child has bronchitis and you cannot take them to the doctor quickly, is it an option to go to a pharmacy to get antibiotics? | ||||||
Never | 52 (12.0) | 380 (88.0) | Ref | Ref | ||
Sometimes | 15 (11.0) | 121 (89.0) | 0.89 (0.49–1.62) | 0.71 | 0.91 (0.49–1.67) | 0.76 |
Always | 134 (90.5) | 14 (9.5) | 0.76 (0.41–1.40) | 0.38 | 0.78 (0.41–1.46) | 0.43 |
Don’t know/no response | 4 (16.7) | 20 (83.3) | 1.46 (0.42–5.12) | 0.55 | 1.76 (0.47–6.59) | 0.40 |
Do most of your friends think that they should give antibiotics to their children when they have a cold? | ||||||
Never | 21 (13.2) | 138 (86.8) | Ref | Ref | ||
Sometimes | 20 (11.9) | 148 (88.1) | 0.85 (0.44–1.63) | 0.63 | 0.84 (0.42–1.67) | 0.61 |
Always | 179 (89.5) | 21 (10.5) | 0.77 (0.42–1.40) | 0.39 | 0.78 (0.42–1.45) | 0.43 |
Don’t know/no response | 23 (10.8) | 190 (89.2) | 0.79 (0.43–1.45) | 0.46 | 0.77 (0.41–1.43) | 0.40 |
Do most of your friends think that they should give antibiotics to their children when they have diarrhea? | ||||||
Never | 20 (12.8) | 136 (87.2) | Ref | Ref | ||
Sometimes | 21 (13.2) | 138 (86.8) | 1.02 (0.54–1.92) | 0.96 | 1.07 (0.55–2.07) | 0.85 |
Always | 22 (11.1) | 177 (88.9) | 0.85 (0.45–1.58) | 0.60 | 0.89 (0.47–1.69) | 0.72 |
Don’t know/no response | 22 (9.7) | 204 (90.3) | 0.74 (0.40–1.38) | 0.35 | 0.75 (0.40–1.41) | 0.37 |
Do most of your friends think that they should give antibiotics to children when they have skin irritations? | ||||||
Never | 21 (13.5) | 135 (86.5) | Ref | Ref | ||
Sometimes | 20 (12.3) | 143 (87.7) | 0.87 (0.46–1.64) | 0.66 | 0.91 (0.46–1.79) | 0.78 |
Always | 21 (11.2) | 167 (88.8) | 0.81 (0.44–1.51) | 0.51 | 0.84 (0.44–1.59) | 0.59 |
Don’t know/no response | 23 (9.9) | 210 (90.1) | 0.71 (0.38–1.30) | 0.27 | 0.71 (0.38–1.33) | 0.29 |
Do most of your friends go to a pharmacy to buy antibiotics for their children who are ill, without a medical prescription? | ||||||
Never | 20 (14.1) | 122 (85.9) | Ref | Ref | ||
Sometimes | 16 (10.3) | 140 (89.7) | 0.67 (0.33 –1.36) | 0.27 | 0.70 (0.34–1.48) | 0.36 |
Always | 29 (13.6) | 184 (86.4) | 0.98 (0.53–1.78) | 0.94 | 1.04 (0.56–1.96) | 0.89 |
Don’t know/no response | 20 (8.7) | 209 (91.3) | 0.59 (0.31–1.12) | 0.11 | 0.60 (0.31–1.16) | 0.13 |
Can antibiotics kill bacteria? | ||||||
Yes | 29 (9.6) | 273 (90.4) | Ref | Ref | ||
No | 23 (18.5) | 101 (81.5) | 2.18 (1.20–3.97) | 0.01 | 2.17 (1.18–3.99) | 0.01 |
Don’t know/no response | 33 (10.5) | 281 (89.5) | 1.12 (0.67–1.90) | 0.66 | 1.09 (0.64–1.85) | 0.75 |
Can antibiotics kill viruses? | ||||||
No | 26 (16.5) | 132 (83.5) | Ref | Ref | ||
Yes | 29 (10.4) | 251 (89.6) | 0.59 (0.34–1.04) | 0.07 | 0.56 (0.32–0.97) | 0.04 |
Don’t know/no response | 30 (9.9) | 272 (90.1) | 0.56 (0.32–0.98) | 0.04 | 0.52 (0.30–0.90) | 0.02 |