Table 1 Quality indicators of measuring antibiotic consumption in this study
NO. | Quality indicators |
|---|---|
ESAC QIs 1–5 are the use of relevant antibiotics (expressed in DID): | |
1 | total use of systemic antibiotics (J01) |
2 | use of penicillins (J01C) |
3 | use of cephalosporins (J01D) |
4 | use of macrolides/lincosamides/streptogramins (J01F) |
5 | use of quinolones (J01M). |
ESAC QIs 6–9 are the relative contributions (% of total J01 use) of: | |
6 | ß-lactamse-sentitive penicillins (J01CE) |
7 | combinations of penicillins with ß-lactamase inhibitors (J01CR) |
8 | third and fourth generation cephalosporins (J01DD/DE) |
9 | fluoroquinolones (J01MA) |
ESAC QI 10 is the ratio between broad- and narrow-spectrum antibiotics: | |
10 | (J01CR + J01DC + J01DD + J01F (minus J01FA01)/(J01CE + J01DB + J01FA01) |
QIs 11–14 are adapted according to the policy context in China (expressed in DID): | |
11 | use of broad-spectrum antibiotics |
12 | use of narrow-spectrum antibiotics |
13 | use of oral antibiotics |
14 | use of parenteral antibiotics |