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Table 1 Surgical site infection rates per surgical category and procedure type adjusted for the risk factor male sex

From: Gender-related risk factors for surgical site infections. Results from 10 years of surveillance in Germany

 

Female sex

Male sex

IRR (95% CI)

AOR (95% CI)

N

SSI

%

N

SSI

%

All procedures

679,529

8847

1.30

587,253

9977

1.70

1.31 (1.27–1.34)

1.19 (1.12–1.26)

Orthopedics and traumatology

448,287

3077

0.69

287,290

2390

0.83

1.21 (1.15–1.28)

1.26 (1.18–1.35)

 Hip prosthesis following arthrosis

222,430

1476

0.66

155,513

1357

0.87

1.32 (1.22–1.42)

1.33 (1.21–1.45)

 Hip prosthesis following fracture

53,480

995

1.86

22,801

437

1.92

1.03 (0.92–1.15)

0.99 (0.88–1.13)

 Knee prosthesis

159,102

591

0.37

92,223

550

0.60

1.61 (1.43–1.81)

1.56 (1.37–1.77)

 Arthroscopic procedures

13,275

15

0.11

16,753

46

0.27

2.43 (1.36–4.46)

2.07 (1.15–3.73)

Abdominal surgery

138,543

3653

2.64

94,426

3687

3.90

1.50 (1.43–1.57)

1.28 (1.21–1.35)

 Cholecystectomy (endoscopic)

83,623

651

0.78

44,552

374

0.84

1.08 (0.95–1.23)

0.92 (0.81–1.03)

 Colon surgery (endoscopic)

13,193

565

4.28

10,786

594

5.51

1.29 (1.15–1.44)

1.26 (1.10–1.44)

 Colon surgery (open)

27,864

2368

8.50

27,455

2641

9.62

1.15 (1.08–1.21)

1.11 (1.04–1.19)

 Appendectomy (endoscopic)

13,863

69

0.50

11,633

78

0.67

1.35 (0.97–1.86)

1.24 (0.94–1.63)

Heart and vascular surgery

52,060

1958

3.76

124,457

3660

2.94

0.78 (0.73–0.82)

0.65 (0.56–0.76)

 CABG (incl. Vein harvesting)

18,209

1022

5.61

70,014

2250

3.21

0.56 (0.52–0.60)

0.55 (0.49–0.62)

 CABG (without vein harvesting)

4627

328

7.09

18,803

503

2.68

0.36 (0.31–0.41)

0.35 (0.24–0.52)

 Re-vascularization of arterial occlusion

14,263

523

3.67

27,579

868

3.15

0.85 (0.77–0.95)

0.83 (0.74–0.91)

 Venous stripping

14,961

85

0.57

8061

39

0.48

0.85 (0.58–1.24)

0.85 (0.61–1.18)

Neurosurgery

16,103

59

0.37

19,127

75

0.39

1.07 (0.76–1.51)

1.08 (0.61–1.93)

 Lumbar disk surgery

16,103

59

0.37

19,127

75

0.39

1.07 (0.76–1.51)

1.08 (0.61–1.93)

General surgery

24,536

100

0.41

61,953

165

0.27

0.65 (0.51–0.84)

0.59 (0.42–0.82)

 Hernia repair (endoscopic)

3679

9

0.24

31,725

32

0.10

0.41 (0.20–0.86)

0.38 (0.20–0.74)

 Hernia repair (open)

3871

19

04.9

23,868

85

0.36

0.72 (0.44–1.19)

0.60 (0.37–0.99)

 Thyroid surgery

16,986

72

0.42

6360

48

0.75

1.79 (1.24–2.57)

1.66 (1.21–2.29)

  1. N number, SSI Surgical site infection(s), IRR incidence rate ratio, AOR adjusted odds ratio, CI Confidence interval, CABG Coronary artery bypass grafting