Table 1 Patient characteristics: all, with adequate antibiotic treatment according to current guidelines (≥5 days), and without antibiotic treatment
Characteristic | Total* (n = 184) | Treatment ≥5 days (n = 140) | No treatment (n = 32) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, years, median (IQR) | 61 (51–67) | 62.5 (51–67.5) | 57.5 (52–63) | 0.254 |
Sex, male | 128 (70%) | 96 (69%) | 24 (75%) | 0.616 |
BMI, kg/cm2, median (IQR) | 26 (22–30) | 26 (22–30) | 25 (22–28.5) | 0.535 |
Days in hospital, median (IQR) | 29.5 (21–44) | 31 (22–44) | 28 (20–53.5) | 0.783 |
Hospital-acquired CRBSI | 177 (96%) | 134 (96%) | 32 (100%) | 0.510 |
Department at time of diagnosis | ||||
ICU | 37 (20%) | 24 (17%) | 10 (31%) | 0.118 |
Surgery | 34 (19%) | 26 (19%) | 8 (25%) | 0.563 |
Internal medicine | 38 (21%) | 22 (16%) | 12 (38%) | 0.011 |
Hemato-oncology | 75 (41%) | 68 (49%) | 2 (6%) | < 0.001 |
Comorbidities | ||||
Malignancy | 109 (59%) | 91 (65%) | 11 (34%) | 0.003 |
Hematologic cancer | 82 (45%) | 74 (53%) | 2 (6%) | < 0.001 |
Solid cancer | 27 (15%) | 17 (12%) | 9 (28%) | 0.045 |
Immunosuppression | 98 (53%) | 85 (61%) | 5 (16%) | < 0.001 |
Chronic pulmonary disease | 22 (12%) | 15 (11%) | 4 (13%) | 1.000 |
Congestive heart failure | 14 (8%) | 10 (7%) | 4 (13%) | 0.521 |
Renal failure | 22 (12%) | 11 (8%) | 7 (22%) | 0.044 |
Cerebrovascular disease | 11 (6%) | 10 (7%) | 1 (3%) | 0.662 |
Diabetes mellitus | 40 (22%) | 28 (20%) | 10 (31%) | 0.251 |
CCI, median (range) | 4 (0–12) | 4 (0–12) | 4 (1–10) | 0.609 |
Any surgical treatment | 74 (40) | 52 (37%) | 18 (56%) | 0.074 |
Orthopedic hardware or intravascular prosthetic material | ||||
Any device | 49 (27%) | 40 (29%) | 8 (25%) | 0.851 |
Orthopedic hardware | 25 (14%) | 19 (14%) | 5 (16%) | 0.984 |
Intravascular prosthetic material | 25 (14%) | 21 (15%) | 4 (13%) | 0.933 |
Clinical findings | ||||
Exit-site infection signs | 64 (35%) | 56 (40%) | 3 (9%) | 0.002 |
Fever (> 38.2 °C) | 130 (71%) | 107 (76%) | 17 (53%) | 0.015 |
Septic shock | 4 (2%) | 3 (2%) | 0 (0%) | 0.931 |
Severe neutropenia° | 78 (42%) | 71 (51%) | 1 (3%) | < 0.001 |
Catheter characteristics | ||||
Short-term catheter | 170 (92%) | 129 (92%) | 30 (94%) | 1.000 |
CVC | 150 (82%) | 116 (83%) | 25 (78%) | 0.709 |
Dwell time, median (IQR) | 12 (9–17) | 12 (9–17) | 14 (9.5–20) | 0.455 |
Long-term catheter | 14 (8%) | 11 (8%) | 2 (6%) | 1.000 |
Catheter site: jugular vein | 138 (75%) | 103 (74%) | 26 (81%) | 0.497 |
Microbiological data | ||||
Positive blood cultures, median (IQR) | 2 (1–3) | 2 (2–3) | 1 (1–2) | < 0.001 |
Total of blood cultures drawn, median (range) | 4 (3–7) | 5 (3–7) | 2.5 (2–5) | 0.001 |
≥ 10′000 CFU on catheter tipª | 124 (67%) | 93 (66%) | 22 (69%) | 0.965 |
CoNS resistant to oxacillin | 143 (78%) | 104 (74%) | 30 (94%) | 0.031 |
Antimicrobial therapy | ||||
Vancomycin | 135 (73%) | 126 (90%) | 0 (0%) | |
Duration of adequate therapy, median (IQR) | 10 (5–15) | 13 (8–18) | 0 (0) | |