Table 1 Baseline characteristics of 487 patients
Baseline characteristics prior to hospitalization | n (%) |
|---|---|
Mean age ± SD (years) | 61.7 ± 17.8 |
Male gender | 221 (45.4%) |
Mean length of hospital stay, days (±SD) | 14.5 ± 18.5 |
Median length of hospital stay, days (range) | 10.0 (2.0–303.0) |
Previous hospitalization | 211 (43.3%) |
Transfer status | |
From another hospital | 56 (11.5%) |
From a long-term care facility | 6 (1.2%) |
Underlying diseases | |
Any underlying disease | 420 (86.2%) |
Hypertension | 290 (59.6%) |
Diabetes mellitus | 184 (37.8%) |
Cardiovascular diseases | 133 (27.3%) |
Cerebrovascular diseases | 97 (19.9%) |
Chronic liver diseases | 88 (18.0%) |
Chronic renal diseases | 64 (13.1%) |
Chronic lung diseases | 63 (12.9%) |
Malignancy | 87 (17.9%) |
Solid malignancy | 75 (15.4%) |
Hematologic malignancy | 12 (2.5%) |
Hematologic diseases | 47 (9.7%) |
Prior organ transplantation | 7 (1.4%) |
Receipt of any immunosuppressive agent within 90 days | 75 (15.4%) |
HIV infection | 16 (3.3%) |
Previous antibiotic exposure within 90 days after hospitalization | |
Any antibiotic | 148 (30.4%) |
Penicillins | 19 (3.9%) |
Cephalosporins | 60 (12.3%) |
Carbapenems | 33 (6.8%) |
Beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitors | 27 (5.5%) |
Fluoroquinolones | 46 (9.4%) |
Macrolides | 19 (3.9%) |
Others | 42 (8.6%) |
Previous use of indwelling catheters within 90 days | |
Urinary catheter | 73 (15.0%) |
Nasogastric tube | 45 (9.2%) |