From: Mupirocin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Mupirocin resistance | Country | Source | Number positive/Total tested (%) | Phenotypic | Molecular | Guidelines or reports | Reference | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Agar Dilution | Broth microdilution | Disk diffusion | E-test | Microscan system | VITEK | PCR | Micro array | BSAC | CLSI | EUCAST | Other reports | |||||
MupA-positive S. aureus | Egypt | Human | 5/86 (5.8) | – | – | – | √ | – | – | √ | – | – | – | – | √a | [30] |
Egypt | Human | 6/73 (8.2) | √ | – | – | – | – | – | √ | – | – | √ | – | – | [52] | |
Nigeria | Human | 1/200 (0.5) | – | – | √ | – | – | – | √ | – | – | – | – | √b | [53] | |
South Africa | Human | 2/227 (0.9) | – | – | √ | – | – | – | √ | – | – | – | – | √b | [50] | |
South Africa | Human | NA | – | – | √ | – | – | √ | √ | – | – | √ | – | – | [33] | |
LmupR S. aureus | Egypt | Human | 25/86 (29.1) | – | – | – | √ | – | – | √ | – | – | – | – | √a | [30] |
Egypt | Human | 5/73 (6.8) | √ | – | – | – | – | – | √ | – | – | √ | – | – | [52] | |
Ghana | Human | 4/30 (13.3) | – | √ | – | – | – | – | – | √ | – | – | √ | – | [55] | |
Libya | Human | 4/109 (3.7) | √ | – | √ | – | – | – | – | – | √ | – | – | – | [57] | |
South Africa | Human | 14/227 (6.2) | – | – | √ | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | √b | [50] | |
South Africa | Human | 117/248 (47.2) | – | – | √ | √ | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | √c | [32] | |
South Africa | Human | 43/997 (4.3) | – | – | √ | – | – | √ | – | – | – | √ | – | – | [33] | |
South Africa | Human & Environment | 4/13 (30.8) | – | – | – | – | – | √ | – | – | – | – | – | – | [34] | |
HmupR S. aureus | Egypt | Human | 5/86 (5.8) | – | – | – | √ | – | – | √ | – | – | – | – | √a | [30] |
Egypt | Human | 8/73 (11) | √ | – | – | – | – | – | √ | – | – | √ | – | – | [52] | |
Ghana | Human | 1/105 (1.0) | – | – | √ | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | √ | – | [54] | |
Libya | Human | 1/109 (0.9) | √ | – | √ | – | – | – | – | – | √ | – | – | – | [57] | |
Nigeria | Human | 1/200 (0.5) | – | – | √ | – | – | – | √ | – | – | – | – | √b | [53] | |
Nigeria | Human | 12/101 (11.9) | – | – | √ | – | – | – | – | – | – | √ | – | – | [44] | |
Nigeria | Human & Animal | 33/87 (37.9) | – | – | √ | – | – | – | – | – | – | √ | – | – | [36] | |
South Africa | Human | 2/227 (0.9) | – | – | √ | – | – | – | √ | – | – | – | – | √b | [50] | |
South Africa | Human | 6/248 (2.4) | – | – | √ | √ | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | √c | [32] | |
South Africa | Human | 234/997 (23.5) | – | – | √ | – | – | √ | – | – | – | √ | – | – | [33] | |
mupR-MRSA | Egypt | Human | 30/86 (34.9) | – | – | – | √ | – | – | √ | – | – | – | – | √a | [30] |
Egypt | Human | 3/39 (7.7) | – | – | √ | – | – | – | – | – | – | √ | – | – | [31] | |
Egypt | Human | 13/73 (17.8) | √ | – | – | – | – | – | √ | – | – | √ | – | – | [52] | |
Ghana | Human | 4/30 (13.3) | – | √ | – | – | – | – | – | √ | – | – | √ | – | [55] | |
Libya | Human | 13/86 (15.1) | – | – | √ | – | – | – | – | – | √ | – | – | – | [56] | |
Libya | Human | 5/109 (4.6) | √ | – | √ | – | – | – | – | – | √ | – | – | – | [57] | |
Nigeria | Human & Animal | 33/87 (37.9) | – | – | √ | – | – | – | – | – | – | √ | – | – | [36] | |
South Africa | Human | 15/227 (6.6) | – | – | √ | – | – | – | √ | – | – | – | – | √b | [50] | |
South Africa | Human | 123/248 (49.6) | – | – | √ | √ | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | √c | [32] | |
South Africa | Human | 202/2709 (7.5) | – | – | – | – | √ | – | – | – | – | √ | √ | – | [51] | |
South Africa | Human & Environment | 4/13 (30.8) | – | – | – | – | – | √ | – | – | – | – | – | – | [34] |