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Table 2 Comparison of subjects with and without colistin-resistant E. coli or K. pneumoniae colonization during the study period

From: Collateral damage of using colistin in hospitalized patients on emergence of colistin-resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae colonization and infection

Variables

Colonization

(n = 66)

No Colonization

(n = 73)

p-value

Female gender (yrs), n (%)

33 (50.0%)

37 (50.7%)

0.94

Age (yrs), mean ± SD

65.7 ± 16.7

68.5 ± 15.1

0.32

Duration from hospital admission to first sample collection (days), median (range)

16 (1–106)

16 (2–81)

0.37

Duration from enrollment to first sample collection (days), median (range)

1 (1–4)

1 (1–5)

0.54

ICU admission, n (%)

24 (36.4%)

24 (32.9%)

0.67

Previous hospitalization, n (%)

36 (54.5%)

37 (50.7%)

0.65

APACHE II score at study enrollment, mean ± SD

21.6 ± 7.1

21.9 ± 7.6

0.77

Mechanical ventilation, n (%)

59 (89.4%)

58 (79.5%)

0.11

Indwelling central venous catheter, n (%)

45 (68.2%)

40 (54.8%)

0.11

Surgery, n (%)

45 (68.2%)

39 (53.4%)

0.08

Chronic intermittent hemodialysis, n (%)

8 (12.1%)

10 (13.7%)

0.78

Antibiotic use for the current hospitalization prior to study enrollment and during study period, n (%)

 Carbapenems

57 (86.4%)

66 (90.4%)

0.46

 Cephalosporins

31 (47.0%)

31 (42.5%)

0.59

 Beta-lactam/ beta-lactamase inhibitors

54 (81.8%)

52 (71.2%)

0.14

 Fluoroquinolones

42 (63.6%)

33 (45.2%)

0.03

 Vancomycin

40 (60.6%)

38 (52.1%)

0.31

 Aminoglycosides

10 (15.2%)

2 (2.7%)

< 0.001

Antibiotic use for the current hospitalization prior to study enrollment, n (%)

 Carbapenems

52 (78.8%)

60 (82.2%)

0.61

 Cephalosporins

26 (39.4%)

30 (41.1%)

0.84

 Beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitors

37 (56.1%)

38 (52.1%)

0.64

 Fluoroquinolones

24 (36.4%)

15 (20.5%)

0.04

 Vancomycin

22 (33.3%)

21 (28.8%)

0.56

 Aminoglycosides

5 (7.6%)

1 (1.4%)

0.10

Colistin use within 3 months prior to study enrollment, n (%)

13 (19.7%)

2 (2.7%)

0.001

Total amount of colistin (mg), median (range)

3550 (400–12,550)

2000 (500–10,650)

< 0.001

Total duration of colistin use (days), median (range)

13.5 (2–58)

9 (2–32)

< 0.001

Total courses of colistin therapy, mean ± SD

1.4 ± 0.8

1.1 ± 0.4

0.003

Total courses of colistin therapy, range

1–4

1–3

 

Patients who received more than 1 course of colistin therapy, n (%)

19 (28.8%)

7 (9.6%)

0.004

Length of hospital stay (days), median (range)

46.5 (12–246)

32 (6–192)

0.01

All-cause mortality at hospital discharge, n (%)

35 (53.0%)

35 (47.9%)

0.55