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Table 5 Multivariate analysis of the factors associated with hand hygiene compliance in the pre-and post-intervention phase

From: Intervening with healthcare workers’ hand hygiene compliance, knowledge, and perception in a limited-resource hospital in Indonesia: a randomized controlled trial study

Factors

Univariate

P value

Multivariate

P value

Number of HH compliance (%)

OR

95% CI

PI (n = 223)

PoI (n = 315)

Department:

  

<0.001

   

 Obst-gyn

40 (17.9)

61 (19.4)

 

1

  

 Internal medicine

20 (9.0)

74 (23.5)

 

-

-

NS

 Pediatric

80 (35.9)

107 (34.0)

 

4.078

1.513–10.994

0.005

 Surgery

83 (37.2)

73 (23.2)

 

1.963

1.178–3.270

0.010

Class of room facilities:

  

<0.001

   

 Class I

1 (0.4)

20 (6.3)

 

1

-

NS

 Class II

108 (48.4)

175 (55.6)

 

-

1.168–3.400

0.011

 Class III

114 (51.1)

120 (38.1)

 

1.993

  

Room type:

  

<0.001

   

 Neonatology

50 (22.4)

72 (22.9)

 

-

-

NS

 General ward

92 (41.3)

192 (61.0)

 

1.710

1.002–2.918

0.049

 High/acute care unit

81 (36.3)

51 (16.2)

 

1

  

Ratio nurse: patients:

     

NS

 1:2

30 (13.5)

35 (11.1)

0.015

   

 1:4–6

174 (78.0)

226 (71.7)

    

 1:8

19 (8.5)

54 (17.1)

    

Moment of HH:

  

<0.001

   

 Moment 1

57 (25.6)

29 (9.2)

 

1.442

1.057–1.968

0.021

 Moment 2

7 (3.1)

9 (2.9)

  

-

NS

 Moment 3

2 (0.9)

1 (0.3)

  

-

NS

 Moment 4

112 (50.2)

187 (59.4)

 

2.333

1.850–2.943

<0.001

 Moment 5

45 (20.2)

89 (28.3)

 

1

  

HCW categories:

  

<0.001

-

  

 Doctor

31 (13.9)

76 (24.1)

 

1.366

1.012–1.843

0.042

 Nurse

84 (37.7)

176 (55.9)

 

1.279

1.019–1.604

0.034

 Student

108 (48.4)

63 (20.0)

 

1

  
  1. Abbreviations: HH hand hygiene, PI pre-intervention, PoI post-intervention, HCW healthcare workers
  2. Moment 1: before touching a patient; Moment 2: before a procedure; Moment 3: after a procedure or body fluid exposure risk; Moment 4: after touching a patient; Moment 5: after touching a patient’s surroundings