Skip to main content

Table 3 Identification of clinical and microbiological characteristics associated with crude 28-day mortality

From: Epidemiology of Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infections in a teaching hospital: factors related to the carbapenem resistance and patient mortality

Variable

Total (n = 114) n(%)

Death (n = 26) n(%)

Survivors (n = 88) n(%)

Univariate analysis

Multivariate analysis

OR(95% CI)

p-value

OR(95% CI)

p-value

General variables

 Male sex

74(64.9)

20(76.9)

54(61.4)

2.10(0.8–5.8)

0.144

  

 Age,years, mean ± SD

56.37 ± 16.36

55.54 ± 16.10

56.61 ± 16.52

NA

0.770

  

 Poly-microbial BSI

11(9.6)

3(11.5)

8(9.1)

1.30(0.3–5.3)

0.711

  

 Nosocomial infection

98(86.0)

23(88.5)

75(85.2)

1.33(0.3–5.1)

1

  

 ICU acquired infection

26(22.8)

10(38.5)

16(18.2)

2.81(1.1–7.3)

0.03

-

-

Comorbidities

 Diabetes mellitus

30(26.3)

4(15.4)

26(29.5)

0.43(0.1–1.4)

0.150

  

 Chronic renal failure

8(7.0)

1(3.8)

7(8.0)

0.463(0.05–3.9)

0.680

  

 Chronic liver disease

20(17.5)

9(34.6)

11(12.5)

3.71(1.3–10.3)

0.017

  

 Liver cirrhosis

11(9.6)

5(19.2)

6(6.8)

3.25(0.9–11.7)

0.122

  

 Biliary tract disease

35(30.7)

8(30.8)

27(30.7)

1.00(0.4–2.6)

1

  

 Congestive heart failure

9(7.9)

5(19.2)

4(4.5)

5.00(1.2–20.2)

0.028

  

 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

3(2.6)

0(0)

3(3.4)

NA

1

  

 Malignancy

59(51.8)

11(42.3)

48(54.5)

0.61(0.3–1.5)

0.273

  

 Immunosuppression

26(22.8)

6(23.1)

20(22.7)

1.02(0.4–2.9)

0.97

  

 Charlson comorbidity index, median (IQR)

3(2–6)

3(2–6.75)

3(1.25–6)

NA

0.576

  

Probable source of infection

 Lung

16(14.0)

9(34.6)

7(8.0)

6.13(2.0–18.7)

0.002

4.23(1.0–17.3)

0.045

 Intra-abdominal

48(42.1)

9(34.6)

39(44.3)

0.67(0.3–1.7)

0.379

  

 Skin and soft tissue

12(10.5)

4(15.4)

8(9.1)

1.82(0.5–6.6)

0.465

  

 Catheter-related

10(8.8)

2(7.7)

8(9.1)

0.83(0.2–4.2)

1

  

Hospital events prior to onset of BSI

    

 Exposure to antimicrobial therapy a

74(64.9)

20(76.9)

54(61.4)

2.10(0.8–5.8)

0.144

  

 Surgery a

62(54.4)

15(57.7)

47(53.4)

1.19(0.5–2.9)

0.700

  

Events on the onset of BSI

 Acute kidney injury

16(14.0)

12(46.2)

4(4.5)

18.00(5.1–63.8)

<0.001

  

 Use of renal replacement therapy

8(7.0)

5(19.2)

3(3.4)

6.75(1.5–30.5)

0.015

  

 Septic shock

28(24.6)

16(61.5)

12(13.6)

10.13(3.7–27.5)

<0.001

  

 Use of mechanical ventilation

24(21.1)

15(57.7)

9(10.2)

11.97(4.2–33.9)

<0.001

  

 Removal of the infectious source

33(28.9)

6(23.1)

27(30.7)

0.68(0.2–1.9)

0.453

  

 SOFA score, median (IQR)

3(1–6)

9(4–13.5)

2(1–4)

NA

<0.001

1.40(1.2–1.6)

<0.001

 Pitt bacteraemia score, median (IQR)

1(1–2.25)

5(2–7)

1(1–2)

NA

<0.001

-

-

CRKP

33(28.9)

11(42.3)

22(25.0)

2.20(0.9–5.5)

0.087

  

Appropriate empirical therapy

78(68.4)

14(53.8)

64(72.7)

0.44(0.2–1.1)

0.069

  
  1. ain the past 30 days prior to onset of BSI
  2. SD standard deviation, IQR interquartile range, OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, ICU intensive care unit, BSI bloodstream infection, CRKP carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae, CSKP carbapenem-sensitive Klebsiella pneumoniae, LOS length of stay, CCI Charlson comorbidity index, PBS Pitt bacteraemia score, SOFA score sequential organ failure assessment score