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Table 1 Distribution of articles reviewed on resistance due to ESBL in East Africa hospitals and common gene variants encoding for ESBL

From: Meta-analysis of proportion estimates of Extended-Spectrum-Beta-Lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in East Africa hospitals

Country

Year

Hospital

Department

Population

Specimen

Method

Species

Isolates (N)

ESBL (%)

ESBL-Genes

Ethiopia [48]

2004

Regional

aBoth

Children, adults

Urine, pus, sputum

bDDST

K. pneumoniae

57

42

cND

Ethiopia [49]

2014

University

Both

Children, adults

Urine

DDST

K. pneumoniae, E. coli

183

22

ND

Ethiopia [50]

2006

University

Out-patient

Children

Blood, stool

DDST

Salmonella spp

81

27

ND

Ethiopia [51]

2012

University

Both

Children, adults

Urine, pus, wound, sputum, stool

DDST

E. coli

67

36

ND

Kenya [38]

2010

Not Stated

Both

Children, adults

Urine, stool, blood

DDST, PCR-Sequencing

E. coli

912

27

CTX-M (78 %), SHV (3–5 %), TEM (16 %)

Kenya [30]

2007

University

Both

Children, adults

Urine

PCR-Sequencing

E. coli

17

71

CTX-M-15 type ESBLs and CMY-2 AmpC

Kenya [52]

2008

University

Both

Children, adults

Blood

DDST

K. pneumoniae, E. coli

359

14

ND

Kenya [37]

2012

University

Both

Children, adults

Urine, pus, sputum, stool

DDST, PCR-Sequencing

K. pneumoniae, E. coli

52

89

CTX-M (88.5 %), blaSHV (25 %), TEM (34.6 %)

Rwanda [14]

2009

University

Both

Children, adults

Urine

DDST

K. pneumoniae, E. coli, others

196

38

ND

Tanzania [11]

2001

University

In-patients

Children

Blood

DDST, PCR-Sequencing

K. pneumoniae, E. coli

125

15

CTX-M, SHV, TEM

Tanzania [24]

2009

University

In-patients

Children, adults

Urine, pus, wound, blood

DDST, PCR-Sequencing

K. pneumoniae

183

50

CTX-M-15 (76 %), TEM-104 (19 %), TEM-176 (2 %), SHV-11 (3.2 %)

Tanzania [6]

2003

University

In-patients

Children, adults

Urine, wound, blood

DDST, PCR-Sequencing

E. coli, Enterobacter spp, others

39

28

TEM (55 %), SHV (64 %), CTX-M (45.4 %)

Tanzania [7]

2010

University

Both

Children, adults

Urine

DDST

K. pneumoniae, E. coli

270

45

ND

Tanzania [53]

2009

University

Both

Children, adults

Urine, pus, wound, blood

DDST

K. pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter spp

377

29

ND

Tanzania [54]

2013

University

In-patients

Women, neonates

Rectal swabs

DDST

K. pneumoniae, E. coli, Enterobacter spp

113

15

ND

Tanzania [55]

2013

University

Both

Children

Urine

DDST

K. pneumoniae, E. coli, others

84

44

ND

Tanzania [56]

2012

University

Both

Children, adults

Pus

DDST

K. pneumoniae, E. coli, others

29

79

ND

Tanzania [36]

2007

University

Both

Children, adults

Urine, pus, blood

dPCR-Sequencing

K. pneumoniae, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, others

227

35

VIM (12.3 %), OXA-48 (4.9 %), KPC (3.5 %), NDM (3.1 %)

Tanzania [57]

2012

University

Both

Children, adults

Wound

DDST

Pseudomonas spp, Proteus spp, K. pneumoniae, E. coli

117

35

ND

Tanzania [58]

2011

University

Both

Children, adults

Wound

DDST

K. pneumoniae, E. coli, others

24

71

ND

Tanzania [59]

2009

University

Both

Children

Blood

DDST

K. pneumoniae, E. coli, others

72

49

ND

Uganda [10]

2011

Regional

Both

Children, adults

Wound

DDST

K. pneumoniae, E. coli, others

145

81

ND

Uganda [60]

2014

Regional

Both

Children, adults

Urine, blood, wound, CSFe

DDST

E. coli, K. pneumoniae, P. mirabilis, others

115

62

ND

Uganda [31]

2012

Regional

Both

Children, adults

Urine, pus, wound, sputum, stool, CSF, vaginal-swabs

DDST, PCR-Sequencing

K. pneumoniae, E. coli, Salmonella spp, others

484

44

CTX-M (70 %), SHV (34 %) and TEM (47 %)

  1. aBoth, out-and in-patients departments
  2. b DDST double disc synergy test
  3. c ND not determined
  4. d PCR polymerase chain reaction
  5. e CSF cerebrospinal fluid