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Table 5 Univariate associations between possible risk factors in clinical patients and being HR-GNR positive

From: Prevalence, risk factors and molecular epidemiology of highly resistant gram negative rods in hospitalized patients in the Dutch region Kennemerland

Risk factor

HR-GNR positive patients (n = 21)a

HR-GNR negative patients (n = 404)a

Odds ratio (95 % CI)

P-value

Sex

    

 Female

9 (42.9)

199 (49.3)

1 (ref)

-

 Male

12 (57.1)

205 (50.7)

1.29 (0.53–3.14)

0.568

Used antibiotics 6 months before current admission

6 (28.6)

93 (23.0)

1.34 (0.51–3.55)

0.559

Used antibiotics during admission

10 (47.6)

157 (38.9)

1.43 (0.59–3.45)

0.425

Admitted before current admission (up to 1 year)

14 (66.7)

190 (47.0)

2.25 (0.89–5.70)

0.086

Known HR-GNR positive in the past

3 (14.3)

9 (2.2)

7.32 (1.82–29.35)

0.005

Age (years)

    

 Group 1 (0–56 years)

4 (19.0)

103 (25.5)

1 (ref)

-

 Group 2 (57–70 years)

5 (23.8)

99 (24.5)

1.30 (0.34–4.98)

0.701

 Group 3 (71–79 years)

9 (42.9)

101 (25.0)

2.30 (0.69–7.69)

0.178

 Group 4 (80–94 years)

3 (14.3)

101 (25.0)

0.77 (0.17–3.50)

0.730

Time from admission to sampling (days)

    

 Group 1 (0–1 days)

7 (33.3)

126 (31.2)

1 (ref)

-

 Group 2 (2–3 days)

3 (14.3)

90 (22.3)

0.60 (0.15–2.38)

0.468

 Group 3 (4–6 days)

3 (14.3)

85 (21.0)

0.64 (0.16–2.53)

0.519

 Group 4 (7–48 days)

8 (38.1)

103 (25.5)

1.40 (0.49–3.98)

0.531

  1. aIn total, data for 425 patients were available for analyses, as for two patients demographic data were unknown