Utilization of paediatric isolation facilities in a TB-endemic setting

Table 2 Microbiological isolates^a from patients in isolation for IPC purposes

Category	Variable	Total (%)
All suspected TB (n = 130)	pulmonary TB	118 (91)
	extra-pulmonary TB^b	12 (9)
TB smear microscopy (n = 130)	not tested (diagnosis confirmed at referral hospital)	10 (8)
	smear-negative	108 (83)
	smear-positive (1–10 AFB/field)	8 (6)
	smear-positive (11–99 AFB/field)	4 (3)
Confirmed TB^c (n = 55)	TB diagnosis confirmed at referral hospital	10
	GeneXpert positive	43
	TB culture positive	45
Drug-susceptibility profile of culture positive cases (n = 45)	Drug-susceptible (DS)	33 (74)
	Multidrug-resistant (MDR)	9 (20)
	Rifampicin mono-resistant (RMR)	2 (4)
	Extensively drug-resistant (XDR)	1 (2)
		Total (number DR)
All ^abacterial/fungal isolates cultured from patients in isolation (n = 46)	Gram positives
	S. aureus total (methicillin-resistant)	7 (2)
	Other gram positives^d	4
	Gram negatives: Enterobacteriaceae
	K. pneumoniae (extended-spectrum B-lactamase)	11 (10)
	E. coli (extended-spectrum B-lactamase)	5 (1)
	E. cloacae (inducible B-lactamase)	4 (2)
	Other Enterobacteriaceae^e	4
	Gram negatives: Non-fermenters
	A. baumanni (multi-drug resistant)	4 (4)
	P. aeruginosa (multi-drug resistant)	5 (3)
	Others
	N. meningitidis	2
	B. pertussis (PCR positive)	1
	C. albicans	2
Viral pathogens confirmed among patients in isolation (n = 51)	Gastrointestinal viruses
	Hepatitis A	6
	Rotavirus	4
	Enteric adenovirus	2
	Respiratory viruses
	Respiratory syncytial virus	15
	Adenovirus	12
	Rhinovirus	4
	Parainfluenza virus	2
	Other respiratory viruses^f	3
	Other
	Varicella	2
	Rubella	1

^aSome patients were isolated on clinical suspicion of sepsis or suspicion of a pathogen warranting isolation, but laboratory tests subsequently confirmed a pathogen which did not warrant isolation or transmission-based precautions by CDC guidelines[1] e.g. Candida albicans; TB = tuberculosis
^bExtra-pulmonary TB: disseminated (7), TB lymphadenitis (3), TB meningitis (2)
^cconfirmed TB = geneXpert positive or culture positive for mTB; DR = drug-resistant
^dOther gram positives: C. difficile (1), S. pyogenes (1), S. pneumoniae (1), E. faecium (1)
^eOther Enterobacteriaceae: S. typhi (1), S. non-typhi (1), C. freundii (1), P. mirabilis (1)
Other respiratory viruses^f: Influenza virus (1), Bocavirus (1), Human metapneumovirus (1)

ISSN: 2047-2994