Author/s | Population | Methodology | Catheter use | Infection | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Jepsen et al.[19] 1982 | 40 hospitals in eight countries, n = 3899 | Point prevalence | 10.1% men, 11.8% women | 6.5% | Conducted in 1980 |
Moro et al.[20] 1985 | 130 hospitals, n = 34,577 | Point prevalence | 9.4% | 2.1% | National prevalence survey in Italy, 1983 |
Mertens et al.[21] 1987 | 106 hospitals, n = 8723 | Point prevalence | 15.7% | 4.4% | National prevalence survey in Belgium 1984 70% surgery. Definition nosocomial: > 3rd day |
Srámova et al.[22] 1988 | 23 hospitals, n = 12,260 | Point prevalence | 1.5% | Prevalence survey in Czechoslovakia, 1984 | |
Emmerson et al.[23] 1996 | 157 centres, n = 37,111 | Survey | - | 2.4% | Prevalence survey in UK and Ireland, 1994 |
Gastmeier et al.[24] 1997 | 72 hospitals, n = 14,966 | Point prevalence | 1.1% | National prevalence survey in Germany, 1994 | |
Scheel et al.[25] 1999 | All acute care hospitals, n = 12,755 | Point prevalence | - | 2.2% | National prevalence survey in Norway, 1997 |
Vaqué et al.[26] 1999 | n = 51,674 in 1997 | Point prevalence | - | 2.1% | National prevalence surveys in Spain, 1990-1997 |
French Prevalence Group[27] 2000 | 830 hospitals, n = 236,334 | Point prevalence | 9.6% | 1.6% | National prevalence survey in France, 1996, including psychiatric and long-term care wards |
Eriksen et al.[2] 2002 | Acute care hospitals, n = 11,500-12,500 | Point prevalence | - | 1.7-2.0% | National prevalence surveys in Norway, 2002 and 2003 |
Gikas et al.[28] 2002 | n = 3925 | Point prevalence | 8.6% | 2.1% | Survey in 14 Greek hospitals, 1999 |
Lizioli et al.[29] 2003 | Public hospitals, n = 18,667 | Point prevalence | - | 1.6% | Prevalence survey in Lombardy, 2000 |
Klavs et al.[30] 2003 | Acute care, n = 6695 | Point prevalence | - | 1.2% | National prevalence survey in Slovenia, 2001 |
Nicastri et al.[31] 2003 | 15 hospitals in Italy, n = 2165 | Point prevalence | 22.4% | 1.7% | All participating hospitals have > 400 beds |
Wald et al.[5] 2005 | Surgery, n = 111,330 523 Medicare hospitals | Retrospective cohort study | 32% at discharge day | - | Patients at discharge after hip replacement |
Tammelin[32] 2005 | 31 hospitals, n = 6369 | 16.5% | 1.65% | Acute hospitals and long-term care facilities in Sweden, 2002 | |
Gravel et al.[33] 2007 | n = 5750 | Point prevalence | 22% | 3.4% | National prevalence survey in Canada, 2002 |
Hopmans et al.[34] 2007 | 2 tertiary Dutch hospitals, n = 2661 | Point prevalence twice a year | - | 2.3% (1.2%-3.4%) | 2001-2004. Obstetric wards excluded |
Kevens et al.[35] 2007 | 445 US hospitals, n = 33,726,611 | Throughout the year 2002 | - | 1.3% | Estimations for the USA |
Pelizzer et al.[36] 2008 | 21 Italian hospitals, n = 6352 | Period prevalence | 25.2% | 2.2% | Prevalence study in Veneto region, Italy 2003 |
van den Broek et al.[37] 2011 | 10 hospitals, n = 16,495 | Period prevalence | 20.2% | 2.6% | Netherlands, acute care hospitals |
Cairns et al.[38] 2011 | 45 acute care hospitals, n = 11,090 | Point prevalence | 20.3% | 2.0% | Scotland 2006, exclusion of obstetric patients |
Cotter et al.[39] 2012 | 69 long-term care facilities, n = 4,170 | Point prevalence | 5.6% | 1.5% | Long-term care facilities in Ireland, June 2010 |
Askarian et al.[40] 2012 | 8 university hospitals, n = 3450 | Point prevalence | 23.1% | 1.4% | University hospitals in Shiraz, Iran |
Health Protection Agency[41] 2012 | 103 healthcare facilities, n = 52,443 | Point prevalence | 18.8% | 1.1% | English national point prevalence survey preliminary data |
Present article | Acute care hospitals, n = 8169 | Period prevalence Cluster-adapted | 24% | 1.5% | National prevalence survey in Switzerland, 2004 |