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Table 4 Prevalence of urinary catheter use and/or symptomatic healthcare-associated urinary tract infection: reports in the peer-reviewed literature (January 1980-December 2012)

From: High proportion of healthcare-associated urinary tract infection in the absence of prior exposure to urinary catheter: a cross-sectional study

Author/s

Population

Methodology

Catheter use

Infection

Remarks

Jepsen et al.[19] 1982

40 hospitals in eight countries, n = 3899

Point prevalence

10.1% men, 11.8% women

6.5%

Conducted in 1980

Moro et al.[20] 1985

130 hospitals, n = 34,577

Point prevalence

9.4%

2.1%

National prevalence survey in Italy, 1983

Mertens et al.[21] 1987

106 hospitals, n = 8723

Point prevalence

15.7%

4.4%

National prevalence survey in Belgium 1984 70% surgery. Definition nosocomial: > 3rd day

Srámova et al.[22] 1988

23 hospitals, n = 12,260

Point prevalence

 

1.5%

Prevalence survey in Czechoslovakia, 1984

Emmerson et al.[23] 1996

157 centres, n = 37,111

Survey

-

2.4%

Prevalence survey in UK and Ireland, 1994

Gastmeier et al.[24] 1997

72 hospitals, n = 14,966

Point prevalence

 

1.1%

National prevalence survey in Germany, 1994

Scheel et al.[25] 1999

All acute care hospitals, n = 12,755

Point prevalence

-

2.2%

National prevalence survey in Norway, 1997

Vaqué et al.[26] 1999

n = 51,674 in 1997

Point prevalence

-

2.1%

National prevalence surveys in Spain, 1990-1997

French Prevalence Group[27] 2000

830 hospitals, n = 236,334

Point prevalence

9.6%

1.6%

National prevalence survey in France, 1996, including psychiatric and long-term care wards

Eriksen et al.[2] 2002

Acute care hospitals, n = 11,500-12,500

Point prevalence

-

1.7-2.0%

National prevalence surveys in Norway,

2002 and 2003

Gikas et al.[28] 2002

n = 3925

Point prevalence

8.6%

2.1%

Survey in 14 Greek hospitals, 1999

Lizioli et al.[29] 2003

Public hospitals, n = 18,667

Point prevalence

-

1.6%

Prevalence survey in Lombardy, 2000

Klavs et al.[30] 2003

Acute care, n = 6695

Point prevalence

-

1.2%

National prevalence survey in Slovenia, 2001

Nicastri et al.[31] 2003

15 hospitals in Italy, n = 2165

Point prevalence

22.4%

1.7%

All participating hospitals have > 400 beds

Wald et al.[5] 2005

Surgery, n = 111,330 523 Medicare hospitals

Retrospective cohort study

32% at discharge day

-

Patients at discharge after hip replacement

Tammelin[32] 2005

31 hospitals, n = 6369

 

16.5%

1.65%

Acute hospitals and long-term care facilities in Sweden, 2002

Gravel et al.[33] 2007

n = 5750

Point prevalence

22%

3.4%

National prevalence survey in Canada, 2002

Hopmans et al.[34] 2007

2 tertiary Dutch hospitals, n = 2661

Point prevalence twice a year

-

2.3% (1.2%-3.4%)

2001-2004. Obstetric wards excluded

Kevens et al.[35] 2007

445 US hospitals, n = 33,726,611

Throughout the year 2002

-

1.3%

Estimations for the USA

Pelizzer et al.[36] 2008

21 Italian hospitals, n = 6352

Period prevalence

25.2%

2.2%

Prevalence study in Veneto region, Italy 2003

van den Broek et al.[37] 2011

10 hospitals, n = 16,495

Period prevalence

20.2%

2.6%

Netherlands, acute care hospitals

Cairns et al.[38] 2011

45 acute care hospitals, n = 11,090

Point prevalence

20.3%

2.0%

Scotland 2006, exclusion of obstetric patients

Cotter et al.[39] 2012

69 long-term care facilities, n = 4,170

Point prevalence

5.6%

1.5%

Long-term care facilities in Ireland, June 2010

Askarian et al.[40] 2012

8 university hospitals, n = 3450

Point prevalence

23.1%

1.4%

University hospitals in Shiraz, Iran

Health Protection Agency[41] 2012

103 healthcare facilities, n = 52,443

Point prevalence

18.8%

1.1%

English national point prevalence survey preliminary data

Present article

Acute care hospitals, n = 8169

Period prevalence Cluster-adapted

24%

1.5%

National prevalence survey in Switzerland, 2004

  1. * Only reports including at least 2000 patients admitted to acute care facilities are included.